Conventional Cytogenetics and FISH [del13q, del17p, t(11;14), t(4;14)] Findings and Their Relationship with Other Risk Factors in Multiple Myeloma

Multiple myeloma (MM) represents a malignant proliferation of plasma cells in bone marrow. The prognosis is highly variable and markedly affected by a number of prognostic features. We aimed to determine the relationship between conventional cytogenetics and FISH [del13q, del17p, t(11;14), t(4;14)] findings and other prognostic factors in MM. In our study, we investigated the frequencies and the types of cytogenetic abnormalities in 50 MM patients. The most common chromosomal abnormality was hypodiploidy observed in 40.5% of 42 patients (17/42) screened with conventional cytogenetic analysis. Del 13q was detected in 37.5% of 48 patients (18/48)) screened with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). 29 patients were investigated for del 17p, t(11;14), and t(4;14). Del 17p was detected in 3 (10.3%), t(11;14) in 7 (24.1%), t(4;14) in one (3.4%) of them. “International Staging System” (ISS) stage was increased as the “Durie-Salmon” (DS) stage increased. We didn’t find a relationship between the cytogenetic abnormalities that we studied and DS or ISS stages.